Baronage of Scotland

Ayton Castle, Scottish Borders, caput of the barony of Ayton. Built in 1851 in the Scottish Baronial style by William Mitchell-Innes, then baron of Ayton, to the design of James Gillespie Graham

In Scotland, the Baronage is the class of barons and baronesses who are the heads of their respective baronies. Also known as prescriptive baronies, they used to be attached to a particular piece of land on which was situated the caput (Latin for "head") or essence of the barony, normally a building, such as a castle or manor house. Accordingly, the owner of the piece of land containing the caput was called a baron or baroness. According to Grant, there were around 350 identifiable local baronies in Scotland by the early fifteenth century and these could mostly be mapped against local parish boundaries.

A Scottish barony is the only UK title of nobility able to be legally alienated from the bloodline of its previous possessor and is not subject to the Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act 1925 as Scottish baronies by their nature were erected in crown charters as a free barony so freely assignable, with crown charters stating "heirs and assignees" unlike other hereditary noble titles with rules of succession. The dignity of baron is preserved in law by the Scottish Parliament after the abolition of the feudal system in the "Abolition of Feudal Tenure, etc (Scotland) Act 2000" coming into force in 2004.

Heraldry for Scottish baronies is governed by the court of the Lord Lyon. The Court of the Lord Lyon issued a ruling in April 2015 that may recognise a person possessing a barony and other titles within the Baronage of Scotland (lord/earl/marquis/duke see lordships in the Baronage of Scotland) on petition. The Lord Lyon King of Arms now prefers the approach of recognising the particular dignity as expressed in the Crown Charter that the petitioner presents. These titles are recognised as the status of a minor baron or baroness, but not a peer. Scottish baronies may be passed to any person, of either sex, by inheritance or assignation.

Scotland has a distinct legal system within the United Kingdom. Historically, in the Kingdom of Scotland, the Lord Lyon King of Arms, as the Sovereign's minister in matters armorial, is at once herald and judge. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is a Lord of Parliament.

History

A "Scottish Prescriptive Barony by Tenure" was, from 1660 until 2004, the description of the only genuine degree of title of UK nobility capable of being conveyed (along with the caput, or property), rather than passing strictly by blood inheritance.

Statutes of 1592 and the Baronetcy Warrants of King Charles I show the non-peerage Table of Precedence as: Baronets, Knights, Barons, Lairds, Esquire and Gentlemen.

A General Register of Sasines was set up by Statute in 1617, with entry in the Register giving the prescriptive right (right by normal or correct usage), after so many years, to the caput or essence of the barony. The individual who owned the said piece of land containing the caput was hence the baron or baroness. Uncertainty over armorial right was removed by the Lyon Register being set up by Statute in 1672, such that no arms were to be borne in Scotland unless validly entered in Lyon Register.

Up until 1874, each new baron was confirmed in his barony by the Crown by Charter of Confirmation. Up until 28 November 2004, a barony was an estate of land held directly of the Crown, or the Prince and Great Steward of Scotland. It was an essential element of a barony title that there existed a Crown Charter erecting the land into a barony, recorded in the Register of the Great Seal of Scotland. Often the original Charter was later lost, however an Official Extract has the same legal status as the original Charter.

From the Treaty of Union of 1707 – until 1999 – a unified Parliament of Great Britain (since January, 1801, known as the Parliament of the United Kingdom), at Westminster, was responsible for passing legislation affecting private law both north and south of the Scottish border. In 1999, the devolved Scottish Parliament was established, and private law measures can now be passed at Holyrood, the seat of the Scottish Parliament in Edinburgh.

Using a "prescriptive feudal grant" allowed developers to impose perpetual conditions affecting the land. The courts became willing to accept the validity of such obligations, which became known as "real burdens". In practical and commercial terms, these real burdens were like English leasehold tenure.

Abolition of feudal tenure

The first Scottish Executive was committed to abolishing the feudal system. On 28 November 2004, the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 came into full force and effect, putting an end to Scotland's feudal system. Under Scots law, a Scottish Prescriptive Barony by Tenure is now "incorporeal feudal heritage", not attached to the land and remains the only genuine, prescriptive, degree of title of UK nobility capable of being transferred or conveyed – since under Section 63(1) of the Act, the dignity of baron is preserved after the abolition of the feudal system. However, the Abolition Act did end the ability to get feudal land privileges by inheriting or acquiring the caput (land or castle) in Scotland. In common law jurisdictions, land may still be owned and inherited through a barony if the land is titled in "the Baron of X" as baron rather than in the individual's name. In America, it passes with the barony as a fee simple appurtenance to an otherwise incorporeal hereditament, the barony being treated like a landowning corporation. In Scotland, the practice has not been tested in a Court of Session case since the Act.

One of the oldest baronies in Scotland, the Barony of the Bachuil, has not depended on land ownership for centuries; the barony passes along with the possession of a certain ancient stick, "The Bachuil Mór", which was once the bishop's staff of Saint Moluag in the year 562. Unlike all other barons in Scotland, the lawful possessor of the stick is the Baron of the Bachuil, regardless of landholdings.

On 28 November 2004 the Abolition of Feudal Tenure Act came into force in Scotland. Prior to the Act, Scottish baronies (including lordships and earldoms) remained the only noble titles in the UK that were transferable following the sale of land containing a caput (i.e. superiority). With the implementation of the Act, all Scottish titles of nobility became incorporeal heritable property meaning they existed but without any physical attributes (eg land ownership which is corporeal property).

Most baronies were created (erected) prior to 1745, but one was erected as late as 1824. Since the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 came into effect, the Lord Lyon, who is the Chief Herald of Scotland, has restored a more traditional form to the coat of arms of a baron. Barons are now identified by the helm befitting their degree. A new policy statement has been made by the Lord Lyon to this effect.

The holder of the dignity of a barony may petition the Lord Lyon for a grant of arms, as he falls under the jurisdiction of the Lyon's Court. A policy statement has been made to this effect by the Lord Lyon. The Lyon Court has no jurisdiction in relation to the assignation, or legal transfer of, baronial titles.

Usage

An English barony is a peerage (yet the Tenures Abolition Act 1660 allows for some remaining non-peer baronies not converted by writ to remain as feudal baronies of free socage "incorporeal hereditament" (article 10 of that act), but whether Scottish barons rightfully rank as peers is disputable. They are known as minor barons currently treated as noble titles of less than peerage rank. The Scottish equivalent of an English baron is "Lord of Parliament".

The baronial title tends to be used when a landed family is not in possession of any United Kingdom peerage title of higher rank, subsequently granted, or has been created a knight of the realm. The name recorded by the Lord Lyon as part of any grant of arms or matriculation becomes the holder's name for all official purposes.

The holder of a Scottish barony (e.g., "Inverglen") may add the title to their existing name (e.g., "John Smith, Baron of Inverglen" or "Jane Smith, Baroness of Inverglen") or add the territorial designation to their surname if still in possession of the caput ("John Smith of Inverglen, Baron of Inverglen" or "Jane Smith of Inverglen, Baroness of Inverglen"); some of the oldest Scottish families prefer to be styled by the territorial designation alone ("Smith of Inverglen"). Formal and in writing, they are styled as The Much Honoured Baron/Baroness of Inverglen. A baron/baroness may be addressed socially as "Inverglen" or "Baron/Baroness" and introduced in the third person as "John Smith of Inverglen, Baron of Inverglen" or "The Baron of Inverglen" or "Jane Smith, Baroness of Inverglen" or "The Baroness of Inverglen". When referred to informally in the third person it is incorrect to refer to them as "Baron/Baroness Inverglen" or "Lord/Lady Inverglen", as these would imply a peerage title (i.e. Lord of Parliament)

In a heterosexual married couple, if the husband is the holder of the Barony, the wife receives a courtesy title. Therefore, they may be styled "The Baron and Baroness of Inverglen", "Inverglen and Madam Smith of Inverglen", "Inverglen and Lady of Inverglen", or "The Baron of Inverglen and Lady of Inverglen." The oldest son of a baron/baroness may be known by the territorial designation with the addition of "yr" (abbreviation for "younger"), e.g. "John Smith of Inverglen, yr". The eldest daughter may be known as "Maid of Inverglen" at the end of her name, e.g. "Sandra Smith, Maid of Inverglen".

The husband of a Baroness is not afforded a courtesy title.

The United Kingdom policy of using titles on passports requires that the applicant provides evidence that the Lord Lyon has recognised a feudal barony, or the title is included in Burke's Peerage. If accepted (and if the applicant wishes to include the title), the correct form is for the applicant to include the territorial designation as part of their surname (Surname of territorial designation e.g. Smith of Inverglen). The Observation would then show the holder's full name, followed by their feudal title e.g. The holder is John Smith, Baron of Inverglen.

The Much Honoured

Sometimes in the most formal of occasions (for example on the envelope of a letter or place name) the prefix honorific style The Much Hon. (The Much Honoured) is put before the name, the prefix honorific "Much Honoured" is used to distinguish Scot Barons from honourifics attaching to peers.

E.g. The Much Hon. The Baron of Inverglen / Much Hon. Baron of Inverglen / Much Hon. John Smith, Baron of Inverglen / Much Hon. John, Baron of Invergle

Scottish heraldry

A Scottish baron's helmet

The former Lord Lyon declined to award the following baronial additaments to the arms of those barons registering arms now that the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 is in force. However, the current Lord Lyon has confirmed in a recent policy statement that he will officially recognise barons or those possessing the dignity of baron who meet certain conditions and will grant them arms with a helmet befitting their degree. Scottish Barons rank below Lords of Parliament; while noble, they are not conventionally considered peerage titles.

In showing that Scottish barons are titles of nobility, reference may be made, amongst others, to Lyon Court in the Petition of Maclean of Ardgour for a Birthbrieve by Interlocutor dated 26 February 1943 which "Finds and Declares that the Minor Barons of Scotland are, and have both in this Nobiliary Court, and in the Court of Session, been recognised as 'titled' nobility, and that the estait of the Baronage (The Barones Minores) is of the ancient Feudal Nobility of Scotland".

Sir Thomas Innes of Learney in his 'Scots Heraldry' (2nd Ed., p. 88, note 1) states that 'The Act 1672, cap 47, specially qualifies the degrees thus: Nobles (i.e. peers, the term being here used in a restricted seventeenth-century English sense), Barons (i.e. Lairds of baronial fiefs and their "heirs", who, even if fiefless, are equivalent to heads of Continental baronial houses) and Gentlemen (apparently all other armigers).' Baronets and knights are evidently classed as 'Gentlemen' here and are of a lower degree than Barons. The Scottish Head of Baronial Houses, includes all the various styles and titles which designate the territorial nobility i.e. baron of X.

Barons may also wear two eagle feathers when in traditional dress. If the baron is a member of a clan, it is advisable to consult the clan chief on clan customs and traditions. The Lord Lyon only gives guidance and not governance on the wearing of feathers and recommends consulting with a clan chief.

Chapeau

An azure chapeau

Previously, between the 1930s and 2004, when new arms were granted or a matriculation of existing arms took note of a barony, the owner was given a chapeau or cap of maintenance as part of his armorial achievement on petitioning for the same. This chapeau is described as "gules doubled ermine" for barons in possession of the caput of the barony. An azure chapeau is appropriate for the heirs of ancient baronial families who are no longer owners of the estates. This chapeau was a relatively recent armorial invention of the late Lord Lyon Thomas Innes of Learney. Accordingly, a number of ancient arms of barons do not display the chapeau, and now it is no longer granted.

At the Treaty of Perth in 1266, Norway relinquished its claim to the Hebrides and Man, and they became part of Scotland. In 1292, Argyll was created a shire and "The Barons of all Argyll and the Foreigners' Isles", which had preceded the kingdom of Scotland, became eligible to attend the "Scots" Parliament – appearing in the record of the parliament at St. Andrews in 1309. Historically they have a chapeau, "gules doubled ermines", ermines being white tails on black.

There is a unique exception: the Barony of the Bachuil is not of feudal origin like other baronies but is allodial in that it predates (562 A.D.) Scotland itself and the feudal system, dating from the Gaelic Kingdom of Dál Riata. In recognition as allodial Barons par la grâce de Dieu not barons by a feudal crown grant, the Baron of the Bachuil has the only chapeau allowed to have a vair (squirrel fur) lining.

A chapeau, if part of an armorial achievement, is placed into the space directly above the shield and below the helmet. It may otherwise be used on a visiting card, the flap of an envelope, or to ensign the circlet of a crest badge as used on a bonnet.

Feudo-baronial mantle

The historical Scottish baron's mantle and chapeau from the 1930s to 2004, which are no longer granted

Particularly Scottish in character is the feudo-baronial mantle or robe of estate – described as gules doubled silk argent, fur-edged of miniver and collared in ermine, fastened on the right shoulder by five spherical buttons Or. This may be displayed in a pavilioned form, draped behind the complete achievement of arms – or the armorial shield alone – tied open with cords and tassels, and surmounted by the chapeau. Again, Lord Lyon is no longer granting these heraldic mantles.

Helmet

The helmet is now the chief mode of recognition of a Scottish baron. The Lord Lyon has adopted a steel helm with grille of three grilles, garnished in gold, as the current baronial additament. Alternatively, a steel tilting helm garnished in gold, that may be shown affronté, may appear, or a helmet of some other degree if the baron holds a higher rank, such as a lordship of parliament.

Supporters

Supporters, are now usually reserved for the holders of the older baronies (chartered before 1587) and those that have been in continuous family ownership. In England, supporters are reserved for the peerage, and a Scottish baron who approaches the English College of Arms is not allowed supporters. A compartment has occasionally been granted to barons, representing their territories, even in cases where there are no supporters.

Badge

A badge – distinct from the crest – as a separate armorial device, is not necessarily a feature of the arms. The badge may be used by the "tail" or following of a landowner baron. The grant is linked to the baron's standard, a heraldic flag, in the livery colours that carries a large representation of the badge. The standard is blazoned in the grant or matriculation. The livery colours are usually the two most prominent colours of the arms themselves.

Flags

A Standard – an elongated shape, tapering from 1.2 m down to 60 cm, with the fly edge split and rounded (lanceolate). The length is according to rank, from 7.5 m for the Sovereign down to 3.5 m for a Knight, Baron or Chief. It bears the Arms as on the shield or the saltire in the hoist, with the tail parted per fess with the Crest, Badge and/or Supporter, plus the motto on one or more Ribands. The Standard is set before the Baron/Chief's tent (as it's a "Headquarters" flag and does not indicate that the Armiger is in residence) rather than carried like the banner. A Standard requires a separate grant by the Lord Lyon and is only made under certain conditions.

A Guidon – one-third shorter than a Standard and tapering to a round, unsplit end at the fly. These are assigned by Lord Lyon to individuals who have Supporters to their Arms, and to others who have a following – those in a position of leadership or some official position.

A Pennon – a smaller, elongated flag 120 cm long with a pointed, rounded or swallow-tailed end, designed to be displayed on a lance, assigned by Lord Lyon to an Armiger who applies for one. It is charged with the motto of the armiger as well as the arms as on the shield.

A Banner – a square or rectangular upright representation of the Arms designed for carrying in warfare or tournaments, but now flown as a "house flag" when the Armiger is in residence and is NOT the flag of the Clan or Family. Originally, conspicuous gallantry in battle was marked by cutting off the tail of the Standard or Pennon, turning it into a Banner. Strictly speaking, the sizes and shapes are:

Square banner – Sovereign, 1.5 m square; Dukes; 1.25 m sq; Earls, 1.1 m sq; Viscounts and Lords of Parliament, 1 m sq; Baronets and Barons, 0.9 m sq; other Armigers, 70 cm wide x 85 cm high

Rectangular banner – typically in the ratio 3:2, or 5:4 when flown as the "house flag" of an Armiger.

Carrying flag – this should be sized as follows (width x height): Peers, 1.2 m x 1.5 m; Barons, 90 cm x 115 cm; Chiefs, 85 cm x 110 cm; Chieftains, 80 cm x 90 cm.

A Ensign may be occasionally granted and blazoned. This is a square flag, smaller than the flying banner, and carrying the full embroidered achievement (arms, crest, motto), again fringed in livery colours.

A Pipe banner – rather similar to a Banner, but of a size to fit on the longest drone of the pipes (usually 45 cm) and richly decorated with gold fringing, tassles and the like. The pipe banner for a Chief who is also a Peer or a Baron should have a rounded end extending beyond the length, and any other Chief a split rounded end. A baron is authorised two pipers.

List of titled nobles in the Baronage of Scotland

List of Earldoms in the Baronage of Scotland

Earl is the third degree of baronage nobility, nobler than Baron (first) and Lord (second).

Click here for a list of Earldoms in the Baronage of Scotland

List of Lordships in the Baronage of Scotland

The second degree of baronage nobility. If a Barony has been raised to a Lordship then it will not be listed with baronies on this page, see Lordship list:

Click here for a list of Lordships in the Baronage of Scotland

List of Baronies in the Baronage of Scotland

Below is an incomplete list of Baronies created in the baronage, you can help by adding details below.

Titles in italics are subsidiary baronial titles held by the same baron. Titles linked and with The before the name is the holder's primary title.

Title	C.	Infeft	Arms	Incumbent	Heir	Notes
The Baron of Abbotshall	17c	2001		Harold Peerenboom, Baron of Abbotshall
The Baron of Abergeldie	1428	1963		John Gordon, Baron of Abergeldie
The Baron of Aden	1333	2015		Alexander Russell of Aden, Baron of Aden
The Baron of Aiket		extinct
The Baron of Alford	17c			Kerry Alfred Hamer, Baron of Alford
The Baron of Alforshire				Charles Cogdill, Baron of Alforshire
The Baron of Anstruther and Balcaskie	16c	2007		Sir Ralph Anstruther, Baron of Anstruther and Balcaskie
The Baron of Arbroath	17c	1994		Alan Bartlett of Arbroath, Baron of Arboath
The Baron of Ardblair and Gask	1399	1979		Laurence Oliphant, Baron of Ardblair and Gask
The Baron of Ardgour	16c	1988		Giancarlo Bonifazi, Baron of Ardgour
The Baron of Ardgowan	13c	2004		Prof. Stephen Kerr, Baron of Ardgowan
The Baron of Ardgrain		2013		Pepijn Oscar Hendriks, Baron of Ardgrain
The Baron of Ardoch	16c	1987		Professor Thomas Mackay, Baron of Ardoch
The Baron of Arndilly	17c	2013		David Menzies of Arndilly, Baron of Arndilly
The Baron of Arnisdale	17c			William Paterson of Arnisdale, Baron of Arnisdale
The Baron of Arnot	1507	2016		Willem Blanken, Baron of Arnot
The Baron of Auchendarroch	17c	2001		Keir Campbell, Baron of Auchendarroch
The Baron of Auchindoir	15c			Alisdair Barlas of Auchindoir, Baron of Auchindoir
The Baron of Auchinleck	15c			Valentine Bennett of Auchinleck, Baron of Auchinleck
The Baron of Auchmacoy	16c	1971		David Buchan of Auchmacoy, Baron of Auchmacoy
The Baron of Auchterhouse	13c	2020		Mark Murawski, 24th Baron of Auchterhouse		Africa Herald of Arms Extraordinary [1]
The Baron of Auchtermunzie	1437	2008		Jose Fernando Gutierrez Eddy, Baron of Auchtermunzie
Baron of Auchterutherstruther		2006		Abigail Busch Reisinger, Countess of Crawfurd-Lindsay, Baroness of Auchterutherstruther		father is Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne
The Earl of Crawfurd-Lindsay
The Baron of Auchinreoch	15c	2022		Andrew Bell, Baron of Auchinreoch
The Baron of Ayton		2011		Richard Syred, Baron of Ayton
The Baron of Badenscoth	1823	2019		Kevin Peng Xu, Baron of Badenscoth
The Baron of Balcaskie	17c	1995		Major Timothy Strange, Baron of Balcaskie
The Baron of Balfluig	16c			Mark Tennant of Balfluig, Baron of Balfluig
The Baron of Ballencrieff (East Lothian)		2011		Moray James Nairn, Baron of Ballencrieff
The Baron of Ballencrieff (West Lothian)	15c			Junaid Abbas Bhatti, Baron of Ballencrieff
The Baron of Ballindalloch	17c	1983		Clare Russell, Lady of Ballindalloch
The Baron of Ballumbie	17c	1997		Robert Williamson of Ballumbie, Baron of Ballumbie
The Baron of Balmachreuchie	16c	2014		Dr Timothy Spaulding, Baron of Balmachreuchie
Baron of Balmain	1475	2005		James Malcolm David Leslie, 22nd Earl of Rothes	Lord Rothes's only brother, Alexander John Leslie
The Baron of Balmore	1478	2015		Leo Adriano Silighini, Baron of Balmore
The Baron of Balquhain		1995		Nelson Lee Len Ying, Baron of Balquhain
Baron of Balquidder	1774	2021		Susan Livingston, Countess of Arran, Lady of Balquidder
The Earl of Arran		1978
The Baron of Balvenie	16c	2009		Jeremy Nicholson of Balvenie, Baron of Balvenie
The Baron of Banchory	18c			Kenneth Lumsden of Banchory, Baron of Banchory
The Baron of Bannockburn	14c	2016		Hope Vere Anderson of Bannockburn, Baron of Bannockburn	Adrian Hope Vere Anderson, Younger of Bannockburn	chief of Clan Anderson Society also Lord of the Manor of Sheriffhale
The Baron of Barnbarroch	16c			James Vans of Barnbarroch, Baron of Barnbarroch
The Baron of Barnis Forbes	15c			Daphne Romy, Baroness of Barnis Forbes
The Baron of Barnton	14c	2015		Professor Markus Frank, Baron of Barnton
The Baron of Barra	16c	2010		Roderick MacNeil of Barra, Baron of Barra
The Baron of Bathgate	12c	2023		Paul Clarke, Baron of Bathgate
The Baron of Bearcrofts	1697	2011		Charles Cree, Baron of Bearcrofts
The Baron of Bedrule		2015		Wallace Turnbull of Bedrule, Baron of of Bedrule
The Baron of Belton	c1468	2002		Ian Graham Rennie, Baron of Belton
The Baron of Benholm				Roderick Strachan of Benholm, Baron of Benholm
The Baron of Biggar	1451	2004		Charles Ross of Biggar, Baron of Biggar
The Baron of Blackburn	16c			Professor Ranjit Chandra, Baron of Blackburn
The Baron of Blackford	17c	1999		Richard Welkowitz, Baron of Blackford
The Baron of Blackhall	1395	2002		Robert Gillespie, Baron of Blackhall OBE
The Baron of Blair	15c	1997		Alfred Glenn of Blair, Baron of Blair
The Baron of Bognie, Mountblairy and Frendraught	16c			Alexander Morison of Bognie, Baron of Bognie, Mountblairy and Frendraught
The Baron of Bombie	17c			Professor Barrie Pettman, Baron of Bombie
The Baron of Buittle	1315	2020		James de Balliol-Cavendish of Buittle, Baron of Buittle
The Baron of Brigton	1761	1938		Marion Douglas, Baroness of Brigton
Baron of Buchan Forest				Timothy Busch Reisinger, Lord of Garlies, Baron of Buchan Forrest, Baron of Blaurbuis, Baron of Corseall, Baron of Glencammon		father is Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne
The Lord of Garlies	1263
Baron of Corsewall
Baron of Glencammon
Baron of Blairbuis
The Baron of Buquhollie and Freswick	16c			Ivor John Spencer-Thomas of Buquhollie and Freswick, Baron of Buquhollie and Freswick
The Baron of Byres	1366	2003		Paul Kayley of Byres, Baron of Byres
The Baron of Cambusnethan	1315	1988		Ranald Lockhart, Baron of Cambusnethan
The Baron of Carmichael	14c			Richard Carmichael, Baron of Carmichael
The Baron of Carnoustie	16c			James Langan of Carnoustie, Baron of Carnoustie
The Baron of Carstairs	14c			Christopher Busch Reisinger, Baron of Carstairs, Baron of Baldoon	Daniel of Biffeche, Younger of Carstairs	father is Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne
Baron of Baldoon	15c
The Baron of Cartsburn	1669	2010		Dr. Pier Felice degli Uberti, Baron of Cartsburn
Baron of Castlehill	1411	2018		Simon Frasier, 16th Lord Lovat	Jack Hugh Fraser, Master of Lovat
The Baron of Castle Stewart	1638	2020		Charles Edward Stewart of Calcruchie, Baron of Castle Stewart
The Baron of Cavers	16c	2004		Prof. Andre Douglas Nathaniel-Rock, Baron of Cavers
The Baron of Chirnside
The Baron of Clackmannan	1334	200
The Baron of Cleghorn	15c			Andrew Macmillan of Cleghorn, Baron of Cleghorn
The Baron of Clerkington	1369			George Everly, Baron of Clerkington
The Baron of Closeburn	15c			Luis Kirkpatrick, Baron of Closeburn
The Baron of Clugstoun Clugistoun	1471
The Baron of Cluny	16c	2010		Cosmo Linzee Gordon of Cluny, Baron of Cluny		Young baron, owns ancestral home Cluny Castle
The Baron of Cluny	17c	1997		Stuart Crane of Cluny, Baron of Cluny
The Baron of Cockenzie	16c			Robert Garrison of Cockenzie, Baron of Cockenzie
The Baron of Coigach	1511	2011		Christopher Devonshire-Ellis, Baron of Coigach [2]
The Baron of Coldingham	16c	2012		Dr Peter Leando, Baron of Coldingham
The Baron of Coldingknows	1634	2002		Mark Harden of Coldingknows, Baron of Coldingknows		aka Cowdenknowes
The Baron of Coll-Earn and Elphinstone	15c	1988		Bailey McCune, Baron of Coll-Earn and Elphinstone
The Baron of Colstoun	17c			Ludovic Broun-Lindsay, Baron of Colstoun
The Baron of Corrachree	16c			Alexander Barlas of Corrachree, Baron of Corrachree
The Baron of Coupar	1618			Edward Kirby Rutledge, Baron of Coupar
The Baron of Cowdenknowes	1634	2002		Mark Harden of Cowdenknowes, Baron of Cowdenknowes
The Baron of Cowie (Aberdeen)
The Baron of Cowie (stirling)	12c	2020		Professor Alan Dennis, Baron of Cowie
The Baron of Coxton	1618
The Baron of Craighall		2002		Roger Alexander Lindsay, Baron of Craighall
The Baron of Craigie	1666	2011		Rabbi Robert Thomas, Baron of Craigie	Oliver Leigh Thomas, Younger of Craigie
The Baron of Craigievar	16c			Sir John Alexander Forbes, Baron of Craigievar
The Baron of Craigmillar	1511	2009		Captain Brian Lawrence Williamson, Baron of Craigmillar
The Baron of Cranshaws	15c	2016		Paul Anderson, Baron of Cranshaws
The Baron of Crawfordjohn		2003		Dr Travis K Svensson, Baron of Crawfordjohn [3]
The Baron of Crichton	15h c			Henry Burn-Callander, Baron of Crichton
The Baron of Crimond	16c			Raymond Carnegie of Crimond, Baron of Crimond
The Baron of Cromar		extinct
The Baron of Cromarty	17c			John Nightingale of Cromarty, Baron of Cromarty
The Baron of Crommey	18c	1978		Michael Innes, Baron of Crommey
The Baron of Cruggleton	c1325					aka Cartsburn
The Baron of Culbin	16c			William Busch Reisinger, Baron of Culbin, Younger of Inneryne		father is Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne
The Baron of Culcreuch	c1472	2023		Hercules William Michael Bullough, Baron of Culcreuch		Previous baron was his father John Bullough (businessman)
The Baron of Cumbernauld	1314	extinct
The Baron of Cushnie	15c	2004		Alan Robertson of Cushnie, Baron of Cushnie		Previous baron was knight of Malta: David Gordon Allen d'Aldecamb Lumsden, Baron of Cushnie
The Baron of Dairsie	18c			Christopher Ruffle of Dairsie, Baron of Dairsie
The Baron of Dalziel
The Baron of Danira and Comrie
The Baron of Delvine	15c	2008		Dr Lars Lindberg, Baron of Delvine
The Baron of Denboig	1657			Kenneth MacLean of Denboig, Baron of Denboig
The Baron of Denny	16c	2011		Alessandro Pompili, Baron of Denny, Baron of Fullarton
Baron of Fullarton		2020
The Baron of Dinnet	14c			J. M. Marcus Humphrey, Baron of Dinnet		known as Mr Marcus Humphrey of Dinnet and does not use baronial title
Baron of Dirleton	1220	2000		Camilo Agasim-Pereira of Fulwood and Dirleton, Baron of Fulwood and Dirleton, Lord of Fulwood
The Lord of Fulwood
The Baron of Dolphinstoun	c1700	2000		Dr Julian Wills, Baron of Dolphinstoun		runs a Barons court with brother Baron of Prestoungrange and father Baron of Lochnaw [4]
The Baron of Dowart	1496	2017		John Robert Kennedy, Baron of Dowart
The Baron of Drum	1323	2019		Alexander Irvine of Drum, 27th Baron of Drum
The Baron of Drylaw		2022		The Rt Hon Sir Douglas Middleton, Baron of Drylaw KBE
The Baron of Duart and Morvern	1631	1990		Sir Lachlan MacLean, Baron of Duart and Morvern
The Baron of Dudhope	1542
The Baron of Dun	1382	dormant				barony held by National Trust for Scotland
The Baron of Dunconnel	1400			Sir Charles MacLean, Baron of Dunconnel
The Baron of Duncrub	17c	2004		Douglas Smith of Duncrub, Baron of Duncrub
The Baron of Dunure	16c	1997		Brendan Clouston of Dunure, Baron of Dunure		Canadian billionaire
The Baron of Earlshall	15c			Major Paul Veenhuizen, Baron of Earlshall
The Baron of Echlin	18c	2002		Rainer Kensy, Baron of Echlin		German banker
The Baron of Edingight	16c			John Innes of Edingight, Baron of Edingight
The Baron of Elie and St Monans	15c	2019		Mans Nicklas Lidgren, Baron of Elie and St Monans
The Baron of Entwistle	1212	2021		Andrew Sharples, Baron of Entwistle
The Baron of Esslemont	16c	1976		Charles Wolrige-Gordon, Baron of Esslemont
The Baron of Eyemouth	18c	1682		John Churchill of Eyemouth, Baron of Eyemouth
The Baron of Fairholm and Kirkton	17c			James Stevenson-Hamilton, Baron of Fairholm and Kirkton
The Baron of Fetternear	17c	2001		Martin Thacker of Fetternear, Baron of Fetternear
The Baron of Fingalton	1663	2017		James Hawley of Fingalton, Baron of Fingalton
The Baron of Finlaystone Maxwell	17c			Nicholas Frederic Papanicolaou, Baron of Finlaystone Maxwell
The Baron of Finzean	17c	2020		Donald Farquharson of Finzean, Baron of Finzean
The Baron of Fithie
The Baron of Fordell	1511
The Baron of Freuch	1559
The Baron of Gala	16c			John Scott of Gala, Baron of Gala
The Baron of Garrallan	14c			John Boswell of Garrallan, Baron of Garrallan
The Baron of Garthland	c1637
The Baron of Gartly	15c	1996		David James of Gartley, Baron of Gartly
The Baron of Gartmore	15c	1996		William Graham of Gartmore, Baron of Gartmore
The Baron of Giffen	1371	1987		Ryan Montgomery, Baron of Giffen
The Baron of Gilmerton	1667	2020		Alvise Figà Talamanca, Baroness of Gilmerton
The Baron of Glasserton	1542
The Baron of Glencoe
The Baron of Glendowachy
The Baron of Glenfaier		2022		Neil Ian Youngs, Baron of Glenfaier
The Baron of Glenfalloch	14c			Norman Ross, Baron of Glenfalloch
The Baron of Glengarnock				Robert MacGregor of Glengarnock, Baron of Glengarnock
The Baron of Glenluce	c1628			Oon Daniel, Baron of Glenluce
The Baron of Glentirian				Harold Jan Haroldson, Baron of Glentirian
The Baron of Gogar	16c	2015		Godfrey Devlin of Gogar, Baron of Gogar		son is Lord of Cowal
The Baron of Gourdie	16c			George Cox of Gourdie, Baron of Gourdie
The Baron of Gourock	18c	2011		Claire Darroch-Thompson, Lady of Gourock
The Baron of Gordon Easter	1150	2007		Morange Michel, Baron of Gordon Easter		aka Gordoun
The Baron of Grandhome	17c			David Paton of Grandholme, Baron of Grandhome
The Baron of Grantully	15c			Henry Fothringham, Baron of Grantully
The Baron of Greenlaw	1451	2005		Andrew Walter Hepburne-Scott, 11th Lord Polwarth	Hon. William Henry Hepburne-Scott, Master of Polwarth
The Baron of Greenan	16c	2004		Hope Busch Cobera, Baroness of Greenan, Baroness of Clary	Alexandra Busch Cobera, Younger of Greenan	father is Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne
Baron of Clary		2004			Elizabeth Busch Cobera, Younger of Clary
The Baron of Greenock	18c			Harry Sandberg of Greenock
The Baron of Greenock and Blackhall				Sir Ludovic Houston Shaw Stewart,12th Baronet, Baron of Greenock and Blackhall
The Baron of Grougar	1321			David McLean of Grougar, Baron of Grougar
The Baron of Haliburton and Lambden	15c	2023		Dr Thomas Rohan, Baron of Haliburton and Lamden
Baron of Hallrule	16c			Herr Olivier Fuchs, Baron of Cockburn, Hallrule, Over Liberton, and Buncle and Preston		Herr means Lord in German which Lord Lyon recognised his name with
The Lord of Cockburn	14c	2008
Lord of Buncle and Preston	14c	2009
Baron of Over Liberton
The Baron of Hallyards
The Baron of Haddington	16c	2021		Prof. Jacques Sluysmans, Baron of Haddington
The Baron of Hartsyde	1345			Jea-Guy Philip Boisserolles de Saint-Julien, Baron of Hartsyde
The Baron of Herbertshire	1523	2018		John Moffat, Baron of Herbertshire
The Baron of Horsbrugh	15c	1995		Michael Chenery of Horsbrugh, Baron of Horsbrugh
The Baron of Houston	c1296	2016		Johnny Sei Hoe Hon, Baron of Houston
The Baron of Inchdrewer	16c	2014		Olga Roh, Baroness of Inchdrewer
The Baron of Inche	c1528
The Baron of Invermessan	c1566
The Baron of Innerwick	c1600	dormant				Most recent baron was Colonel Victor Charles Vereker Cowley of Crowhill (1918–2008). Innerwick Castle is now part of the Scottish Wildlife Trust
The Baron of Inneryne	16c	1998		Ronald Busch Reisinger, Baron of Inneryne	William Busch Reisinger, Baron of Culbin, Younger of Inneryne	also known as "King of Axim" (Ghana) [5]
The Baron of Innes	17c	2004		James Mitchell of Innes, Baron of Innes
The Baron of Inverallochy				Jose Ramon Velez, Baron of Inverallochy
The Baron of Jedburgh Forest	1602	2010		Richard Miller of Jedburgh Forest, Baron of Jedburgh Forest
The Baron of Kellie	1619	2020		Henry Hopkins Livingston, Baron of Kellie
The Baron of Kelly		2004		Bruce Kneller, Baron of Kelly
The Baron of Kemnay		1978		Susan Burnett, Baroness of Kemnay
The Baron of Kersland
The Baron of Kilbernie
The Baron of Kilbride
The Baron of Kilcoy	16c	2012		Mark David Menking, Baron of Kilcoy		son is Lord of the Garioch
The Baron of Kilmarnock	1316			David Ayre, Baron of Kilmarnock
The Baron of Kilmichael	1541			Brooke Owen-Thomas, Baroness of Kilmichael, Baroness of Kilmum
Baron of Kilmun
The Baron of Kilmaurs
The Baron of Kilpunt		2007		Morag Pauline Cadzow, Baroness of Kilpunt
The Baron of Kilravock	1293			David Rose, 26th Baron of Kilravock, Chief of Clan Rose
The Baron of Kinblathmond
The Baron of Kincaid	15c			Heather Kincaid, Baroness of Kincaid
The Baron of Kincraig	16c			James Gourlay of Kincraig, Baron of Kincraig
The Baron of Kinedar
The Baron of Kinnaber
The Baron of Kinnairdy	17c	1990		Colin Innes of Kinnairdy, Baron of Kinnairdy
The Baron of Kinnear	16c	1993		Michael Pilette of Kinnear, Baron of Kinnear
The Baron of Kippenross	16c			Susan Stirling-Aird, Lady of Kippenross
The Baron of Kirkbuddo	1463	2011		Jean-Yves de Sainte-Croix de La Sabliere, Baron of Kirkbuddo
The Baron of Kirkdale	15c			Ramsey Hannay of Kirkdale, Baron of Kirkdale
The Baron of Kirkgunzeon
The Baron of Kirkintilloch	1184	extinct
The Baron of Kirkliston	1618	2002		Andor László Oleg Vilmos v. Jaross, Baron of Kirkliston
The Baron of Kirriemuir	1390	2014		Gerhard Anderson, Baron of Kirriemuir
The Baron of Kirknewton	17c	1992		Diana Hargreaves, Baroness of Kirknewton
The Baron of Krawfort	1576
The Baron of Lag	1685	2004		Margaret Hamilton, Baroness of Lag
The Baron of Lambden		2016		Col (Rt'd) Lance Miller, Baron of Lambden		aka Hassington
The Baron of Lamberton	c1236
The Baron of Lamington				Ivan Kugener, Baron of Lamington
The Baron of Largo	17c	2011		Timothy Wood of Largo, Baron of Largo
The Baron of Lathallan	17c	1995		Jean Spens of Lathallan, Baroness of Lathallan
The Baron of Lee	1272	2004		Addison McElroy Fischer, Baron of Lee
The Baron of Lenzie	1170	extinct
The Baron of Lescure	15c			Ross McPherson-Smith, Baron of Lescure
The Baron of Leslie	16c	2019		John Andrea, Baron of Leslie
The Baron of Lesmahagow
The Baron of Lethendy	17c			Charles Gairdner of Lethendy, Baron of Lethendy
The Baron of Lethington	c1166			Robert Douglas, Baron of Lethington
The Baron of Leys	16c			James Burnett of Leys, Baron of Leys
The Baron of Little Pert
The Baron of Lochfergus	16c			Albert Gazeley of Lochfergus, Baron of Lochfergus
The Superiority of the Lands of Lochlands
The Baron of Loch Mullion	c1700	2000		William Anderson of Loch Mullion, Baron of Loch Mullion
The Baron of Lochnaw	c1426	2004		Dr Gordon Prestoungrange, Baron of Lochnaw		runs a barons court with sons, Baron of Dolphinstoun and Baron of Prestoungrange [6]
The Baron of Lochrounell	c1630
The Baron of Logany	c1576	2000		Hunter Prater, Baron of Logany
The Baron of Logie						aka Lexyn
The Baron of Logiealmond		2019		Sheila May Flavell, Baron of Logiealmond CBE
The Baron of Loncastell	c1551
The Baron of Loudoun	12c	2017		Ronald Glen Schneller, Baron of Loudoun
The Baron of Lour	1654	2010		Bartholomew Smith, Baron of Lour
The Baron of Lundie	1489	2017		Craig Ward, Baron of Lundie
The Baron of Marchmont	17c	1996		Roland Eugen Staehli, Baron of Marchmont
The Baron of MacDonald	17c			Godfrey Bosville-Macdonald, Baron of MacDonald
The Baron of MacDougall	1660	2006		George Dougall of MacDougall, Baron of MacDougall
The Baron of MacDuff	1039	2021		Eric Cotton Dexter of MacDuff, Baron of MacDuff
The Baron of McAuslane of Caldenocht	c1395
The Baron of Martyn-Kennedy alias Frethrid	c1541
The Baron of Mearns	12th c	2002		David Thorpe of Mearns, Baron of Mearns
The Baron of Melfort	1360	1960		Hugh Campbell-Gibson, Baron of Melfort
The Baron of Melgund
The Baron of Menie	1317	1995		Michael Woodley of Menie, Baron of Menie
The Baron of Mertoun	1504
The Baron of Midmar	16c			Richard Wharton of Midmar, Baron of Midmar
The Baron of Miltonhaven	1695	2017		Dorothy Newlands of Lauriston, Baron of Miltonhaven		formerly Lauriston
The Baron of Mochrum	c1472
The Baron of Montgomeriestoun	c1636	1987
The Baron of Mordington	1124	1998		Graham Senior-Milne, Baron of Mordington
The Baron of Mouswald	1452
The Baron of Moy	17c			Lorne MacLaine of Moy, Baron of Moy
The Baron of Mugdock	1458	2022		Prince Luciano Francesco Silighini Garagnani Lambertini, Baron of Mugodock		Italian prince
The Baron of Muirton	1532	2019		Dr Richard Culbert, 32nd Baron of Muirton
The Baron of Mullion	1446	2019		Faith Seale, Baron of Mullion QC
The Baron of Mureth	c1514
The Baron of Myrton	c1470	2004		Prof. Mark Watson-Gandy of Myrton, Baron of Myrton OBE		prefers to be known as Professor Watson-Gandy of Myrton
The Baron of Newton	1685	2016		Philip Pickering of Newton, Baron of Newton
The Baron of Ochtercoull
The Baron of Old Montrose
The Baron of Ormiston	1637	2003		Brian Parsons of Ormiston, Baron of Ormiston
The Baron of Otterinverane	14c	2019		Sean Lambert Collin, Baron of Otterinverane
The Baron of Panbride
The Baron of Panmure
The Baron of Park	1563
The Baron of Peaston	16c	2003		Robert Jackson of Paistoun, Baron of Peaston		or Paistoun
The Baron of Penicuik	16c			Sir John Dutton Clerk, Baron of Penicuik
The Baron of Pentland	1316	2018		Lt Cmdr. Christopher Saint Victor de Pinho, Baron of Pentland
The Baron of Phantelane	1436	2010		Capt. David McCorquodale, Baron of Phantelane
The Baron of Pitcaple	17c			Christopher Burges-Lumsden, Baron of Pitcaple
The Baron of Pitcruivie	15c	1996		Douglas Wagland of Pitcruivie, Baron of Pitcruivie
The Baron of Pitmilly	16c	1987		Peter Gybbon-Monypenny, Baron of Pitmilly
The Baron of Plean	16c	1985		George Way, Baron of Plean
The Baron of Plenderleith	1306	2007		Clifford Dewey Michael Paul Harmon, 31st Baron of Plenderleith	Clifford Taylor Harmon IV, Younger of Plenderlrith
The Baron of Pluscarden
The Baron of Porterfield
The Baron of Portlethen	18c			Maurice Taylor of Portlethen, Baron of Portlethen
The Baron of Portrie	c1636
The Baron of Preston and Prestonpans	1460			Robert McLean of Preston & Prestonpans, Baron of of Preston & Prestonpans
The Baron of Prestoungrange	1189	2004		Mathew Wills of Prestoungrange, Baron of Prestoungrange		runs barons court with brother Baron of Dolphinstoun and father Baron of Lochnaw [7]
The Baron of Primside and House Site
The Baron of Quhithorne	c1569					aka Whithorn
The Baron of Rachane	17c	2006		Michael Aquino, Baron of Rachane		This baron is a "satanist" or Priest of Set as he describes on his website: [8]
The Baron of Ramshead	1371	1987		Ryan Montgomery, Baron of Ramshead
The Baron of Rattray	16c			Philip Cumyn of Rattray, Baron of Rattray
The Baron of Ravenstone	15c	1983		Frank Renwick of Ravenstone, Baron of Ravenstone
The Baron of Redcastle	15c	2016		Janet Beale, 19th Baroness of Redcastle
The Baron of Remistoun	c1540
The Baron of Renfrew	1398	2022		HRH The Duke of Rothesay	HRH Prince George of Wales
The Baron of Rescobie
The Baron of Restalrig
The Baron of Robertland	1539	2005		Brian Parsons of Robertland, Baron of Robertland
The Baron of Roberton	16c	2020		Julia Pell Livingston, Baroness of Roberton
The Baron of Rossie	17c			John Oliphant of Rossie, Baron of Rossie
The Baron of Ruchlaw	16c			Ronald Macduff Urquhart, Baron of Ruchlaw
The Baron of Rusco	17c			Robert Carson of Rusco, Baron of Rusco
The Baron of Saint Monance	1596	2014		Dr Robert Parviz Pirooz of Saint Monance, Baron of Saint Monance KC FRMS JD		aka Monans
The Baron of Sauchie	1320	2015		Niklas Wallenberg, Baron of Sauchie
The Baron of Saulset	c1629					aka Saulsait
The Baron of Seabegs	15c	2014		Dr. George M. Burden, 31st Baron of Seabegs		aka Seybeggis
The Baron of Seggieden				Consul a.h. Dr. Trond U. Hegle, Baron of Seggieden
The Baron of Smeaton Hepburn	15c			George Gray of Smeaton Hepburn, Baron of Smeaton Hepburn
The Baron of Stane	1371	1987		Ryan Montgomery, Baron of Stane
The Baron of Stobo	1577	2016		William Jolly, Baron of Stobo
The Baron of Stonehaven				Fraser Angus Oliver Mearns of Stonehaven, Baron of Stonehaven
The Baron of Stoneywood	15c	2000		Charles Mack of Stoneywood, Baron of Stoneywood
The Baron of Strathlachlan				Euan MacLachlan of Strathlachlan, Baron of Strathlachlan
The Baron of Strichen	1514	2014		Massimo Fraser of Strichen, Baron of Strichen
The Baron of Struan	16c	1983		Alexander Robertson, Baron of Struan
The Baron of Swinton	1098			James Swinton, Baron of Swinton
The Baron of Symington	1329	2010		Edward Lockhart Bennett of Symington, Baron of Symington
The Baron of Teallach	17c			Dennistoun Teall of Teallach, Baron of Teallach
The Baron of Thainstone	1488	2017		David Valentine, Baron of Thainstone
The Baron of Thankerton
The Baron of Torboll	1360	extinct
Baron of Tranent				Hugh, 19th Earl of Eglinton	Rhuridh Seton Archibald Montgomerie, Lord Montgomerie
The Baron of Traquair	1491			Catherine Maxwell-Stuart, 21st Lady of Traquair
The Baron of Trearne	1371	1987		Ryan Montgomery, Baron of Trearne
The Baron of Trent		2002		Charles Cogdill, Baron of Trent
The Baron of Troup
Baron of Tulloch	1542			Dr. David Willien, Earl of Erroll, Baron of Tulloch
The Earl of Erroll
The Baron of Turin
The Baron of Twynehame	15c	1992		Delyse Sharpe of Twynehame, Baron of Twynehame
The Baron of Urquhart	1587	2004		Robert A. Cromartie, Baron of Urquhart
The Baron of Wells	17c	2009		Bryce Lee West, Baron of Wells
The Baron of Westside	16c			Gordon Kerr, Baron of Westside
The Baron of Winchburgh	15c	2021		Michael Lyons, Baron of Winchburgh
The Baron of Wormiston	17c	1970		Michael Spens, Baron of Wormiston
The Baron of Yair	1806	2019		Li Li, Baron of Yair
The Baron of Yeochrie	15c	2000		Captain Richard Stuart of Yeochrie, Baron of Yeochrie

a: The creation date is the earliest known date for the barony and subject to revision.

b: C before the date is circa around this date of before. C after the date = century.

See also

• Earls in the Baronage of Scotland
• Lords in the Baronage of Scotland
• Lord of Parliament
• Commissioner (Scottish Parliament)
• Laird
• List of extant baronetcies
• Feu
• English feudal barony
• Irish feudal barony
• List of Marcher lordships (Welsh Marches)

External links

• Lord Lyon's Armorial Ruling
• Law Reform Commission of Ireland [9]
• Text of the Abolition of Feudal Tenure etc. (Scotland) Act 2000 as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk.
• Report on Abolition of the Feudal System
• The Register of Feudal Lords and Barons of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Archived 22 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine
• The Heraldry Society of Scotland [10]
• The Court of the Lord Lyon [11]
• College of Arms [12]
• Registry of Scots Nobility – Baronage [13]
• The Scottish Baronage Registry [14]
• Burke's Peerage [15]

Further reading

• Scottish Law Commission. "Report on Abolition of the Feudal System. Laid before Parliament by the Lord Advocate under section 3(2) of the Law Commissions Act 1965. Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed11 February 1999 (Scot Law Com No 168)". Retrieved 17 March 2015.
• Dickinson, Professor William Croft, The Court Book of the Barony of Carnwath 1523-1542, Introduction, published by Scottish History Society, 1937. "The standard scholarly work on the history of Scottish feudal baronies". In the opinion of the Lyon King of Arms
• Grant, Alexander, The Development of the Scottish Peerage, published in the Scottish Historical Review, 1978.